Psychology

The main neurotransmitter systems in humans are fully established at differing rates, with its behaviors restricted by the emerging systems as cells become functional.  A failing brain system can cause various illnesses such as schizophrenia which may at times render someone incapacitated, (Goodwin, 2005). Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder with symptoms of detachment from reality, emotional instability, and withdrawal into the self. It is usually characterized by abnormalities in the sensitivity or expression of reality.

Notably, schizophrenia is not associated with culture or any part of normal development in any way. People with schizophrenia may hear virtually non existent voices, (Kandel, Schwartz, Jessel, 2000). They may deem other people to be controlling their thoughts, reading their minds or scheming to harm them hence they are always terrified and extremely disturbed. These individuals may sit for hours without talking or moving. They also experience multiple difficulties in taking care of themselves hence may completely be dependent on other people.

Classification
Schizophrenia symptoms are broadly classified into three different categories inclusive of positive, negative and cognitive symptoms.  Positive symptoms are the unusual behavior not seen in normal people. They tend to lose touch with reality and are usually on and off depending on the treatment the patient is receiving. The patient may hallucinate by talking to himher self and seeing things which do not exist. The patients thinking is delusional and characterized by illogical thinking. They also generally suffer from unusual way of thinking depicted from the way they organize their thoughts and connecting them logically, (Wickens, 2005).

In extreme cases, the person may become catatonic a state were by a person does not speak or move at all. Negative symptoms are linked with disruptions in ordinary emotions and behaviors furthermore the individual is unable to move hisher face and talks in a repetitive or dull voice. The person seams to have lost hope in daily life and even lacks the capability to start and sustain any planned activity. Cognitive symptoms are faint hence difficult to recognize and are detected only when a potential patient is subjected to clinical testing. A person may be unable to understand and execute a problem in a required way and even has problem paying attention or even focusing, (Goodwin, 2005).

Biological Origin
 Schizophrenia may be caused by malfunctioning of an important brain gene responsible for proper brain functioning. Imbalance in the brain structure and chemistry is also a possible cause of schizophrenia. If one parent suffers from schizophrenia, there exists a 10 chance of children developing it. Use of harmful drugs like amphetamine, cannabis and illicit brew may stimulate neurosis in people who are exposed to developing schizophrenia. The most effective treatment of schizophrenia mainly focuses on eliminating its signs and symptoms by use of various psychosocial treatments and antipsychotic medication.

Therapy and sustaining its impacts on everyday life can also help in cubing schizophrenia. The disorder has also been linked to the onset of significant violence. Kandel, Schwartz, Jessel (2000) affirm that, since majority of patients have an increased perception of threat, they tend to be violent. Conclusively, the prognosis and outcome of the disease remains relatively unknown although considerable developments into gaining a clear understanding of the disease have been within the past century, (Kandel, Schwartz, Jessel, 2000).