There are basic steps which are followed in solving problem. There are several contributions made by psychologists in problem solving. The mind goes through various stages in solving a problem. The main stages involved in problem solving include problem preparation, production, problem evaluation and incubation. Each of these stages involves recognizing and evaluating the problem. Problem evaluation helps obtain the most effective solution.
The preparation stage involves identifying the problem. This stage involves gathering information about a problem. It is in this stage that the layout of a problem is provided. This helps in finding means of solving the problem. This can be achieved by formulating a structure similar to a method followed to solve another similar problem. This requires one to configure a past experience. This stage involves structuring the problem. A problem should be first identified in order to find means of solving it. Some of the problems are recognized at critical stage. Problems and opportunities can be recognized through various techniques (Davidson, 2003). The causes of problem are highlighted at this stage, for instance the problem of global warming.
The production stages involves coming up with strategies to help get solutions to the problem. The possible solutions are laid down. There are various techniques of defining possible solutions algorithm, search and heuristics. The solutions deduced on the type of problem. There are limited solutions for the case of closed problems. In order to highlight the possible one should fully understand the problem and the way out of it. The obstacles of solving a problem are identified in this stage. This enables to come up with a concrete solution. Obstacles and real causes of a problem can be identified through collection of information. The search of possible solution is achieved by analyzing the problem (Davidson, 2003). In order to achieve the objective of solving a problem, means should be devised to handle the obstacles.
The best solution to the problem is identified in the evaluation stage. This stage involves analyzing the possible solutions and selection of the best to aid in addressing the problem. In case there is no solution yet, the problem is revisited. It is possible that there various possibilities of solution. In such a case the most effective solution is selected. This stage involves evaluation of the alternative solutions (Davidson, 2003). It is a decision making stage. Solutions that are not adhering to the problem constraints should be eliminated. In identifying the most effective solution, the constraints to meet and the features of an effective solution should be observed. The risks associated with the selected solution should be highlighted. Decision should then be made to implement the best solution.
The implementation stage is the final stage in solving problem. There are various steps followed in the implementation stage. Preparation and planning is done towards implementing the solution. The correct action is taken while observing the possible effects. The feedback of the action taken should be weighed. Careful planning is required during the implementation stage since it defines culmination of the efforts made towards problem solving. Planning involves coming up with a time schedule and allocation of resources. In order to achieve the objective, risks should be dealt with in the plan (Davidson, 2003). Alternatives should also be provided in the plan. Problems should be handled with immediate effect to ensure the plan works. The success of the problem is weighed and noted to help solve similar problems in the future.
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