Correlation Matrix
Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).Pearson correlation was used to determine the association of IQ to other variables. From the table, one can see that the correlation coefficient between IQ and Gender is equal to 0.251. The value means that there is a weak increasing relationship or association between IQ and Gender. The correlation coefficient between IQ and Repeated Grade is equal to -0.284. The value means that there is a weak decreasing relationship between IQ and Repeated Grade. The correlation coefficient between IQ and 9th Grade English level has a value of -0.327. The value means that there is a weak decreasing relationship between IQ and 9th Grade English Level. A correlation coefficient value of 0.283 has been observed between IQ and 9th Grade English Grade. The value means that there is a weak increasing relationship between IQ score and English Grade of 9th grade students. The correlation coefficient between IQ and Social Adjustment problem is equal to -0.263. The value means that there is a weak decreasing relationship between IQ and social adjustment problem. The correlation coefficient value between IQ and Dropped out of school variable is equal to -0.293. The value means that there is a weak decreasing relationship between IQ score and dropping out of school in 9th grade students. A correlation coefficient value of -0.629 was observed between IQ and ADD like behavior score of 9th grade students. The value means that there is a moderate decreasing relationship between IQ score and ADD like behavior of 9th grade students. The observed correlation coefficient between IQ and GPA of 9th grade students is equal to 0.446. The coefficient value means that there is a moderate increasing relationship between IQ score and GPA of 9th grade students. All the Pearson correlation coefficient was significant at 0.05 significance level.
In order to determine the variables that have the lowest and highest correlation with IQ, one must look at the magnitude of the correlation coefficient. When one speaks of the magnitude, it means that the value of the coefficient is of concern and not the sign (positivenegative) since the sign only denotes the direction of the relationship. From the table, one can see that Gender has the lowest correlation with IQ. Gender and IQ has a correlation coefficient of 0.251. The magnitude of the correlation is 0.251 with a sign of positive denoting the increasing relationship between the variables. On the other hand, the variable that has the highest correlation with IQ is ADD like behavior variable. IQ score and ADD like behavior variable have a correlation coefficient of -0.629. The magnitude of the coefficient is 0.629 with a negative sign denoting the decreasing direction between the variables.
Figure 1. Scatterplot between IQ score and ADD-like behavior score.
The figure shows that the data appears to be in a downward direction. However, one can see that the data is not compressed and does not fit very well in a straight line. In addition, there are some data that are very far from most of the data that seems to from a straight line.
Pearson correlation was again conducted between IQ score and ADD-like behavior score. However, this time the scores were grouped by variable gender. Thus, two correlations were obtained. The first correlation was between IQ scores and ADD-like behavior of female students. The other correlation was between IQ score and ADD-like behavior of male students. After conducting Pearson correlation, the following results were obtained.
Table 2
Correlation between IQ score and ADD-like behavior of Male students
CorrelationsaADD-like behavior score (mean of 3)IQ ScoreADD-like behavior score (mean of 3)Pearson Correlation1-.567Sig. (2-tailed).000N116116IQ ScorePearson Correlation-.5671Sig. (2-tailed).000N116116. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).a. Gender MaleThe table shows the Pearson correlation between IQ score and ADD-like behavior of 9th grade male students. From the table, one can see that the correlation coefficient between the variables is equal to -0.567. The value means that there is a moderate decreasing relationship between IQ score and ADD like behavior of male 9th grade students. The Pearson correlation coefficient was significant at 0.05 significance level.
Table 3
Correlation between IQ score and ADD-like behavior of Female students
CorrelationsaADD-like behavior score (mean of 3)IQ ScoreADD-like behavior score (mean of 3)Pearson Correlation1-.637Sig. (2-tailed).000N100100IQ ScorePearson Correlation-.6371Sig. (2-tailed).000N100100. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).a. Gender FemaleThe table shows the Pearson correlation between IQ score and ADD-like behavior of 9th grade female students. From the table, one can see that the correlation coefficient between the variables is equal to -0.637. The value means that there is a moderate decreasing relationship between IQ score and ADD like behavior of female 9th grade students. The Pearson correlation coefficient was significant at 0.05 significance level.
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